Estudio sobre la valoracion de alumnos de ingenieria acerca de distintos metodos de evaluacion

El rol docente tiene dos aspectos fundamentales: facilitar el aprendizaje y evaluar la adquisición de éste por parte de los educandos. En los últimos años, debido fundamentalmente a la creación del nuevo Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES), se ha discutido largamente en el entorno universitario acerca de la conveniencia de cambiar las metodologías, tanto en la parte de transmisión del conocimiento como en las labores de evaluación. Más allá de cambiar el lenguaje universitario, adaptándolo a la terminología pedagógica de mediados del siglo XX, este proceso no parece haber generado en la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, en lo sucesivo UPM, cambios efectivos en lo que se refiere a la transmisión del conocimiento. Sin embargo, los métodos de evaluación sí han cambiado apreciablemente en los últimos años

Considerations on the success rate in aeronautical engineering studies in Spain

The relationship between different learning evaluation methods and the academic success in an aeronautical engineering degree in Spain is analysed. The study is based on data about the evolution of academic achievement obtained along the last ten year, along which the evaluation and learning’s methods have suffered huge changes

A projection hybrid high order finite volume/finite element method for incompressible turbulent flows

In this paper the projection hybrid FV/FE method presented in Busto et al. 2014 is extended to account for species transport equations. Furthermore, turbulent regimes are also considered thanks to the $k-\varepsilon$ model. Regarding the transport diffusion stage new schemes of high order of accuracy are developed. The CVC Kolgan-type scheme and ADER methodology are extended to 3D. The latter is modified in order to profit from the dual mesh employed by the projection algorithm and the derivatives involved in the diffusion term are discretized using a Galerkin approach. The accuracy and stability analysis of the new method are carried out for the advection-diffusion-reaction equation. Within the projection stage the pressure correction is computed by a piecewise linear finite element method. Numerical results are presented, aimed at verifying the formal order of accuracy of the scheme and to assess the performance of the method on several realistic test problems.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1802.1058

Mg(II) and Ni(II) induce aggregation of poly(rA)poly(rU) to either tetra-aggregate or triplex depending on the metal ion concentration

The ability of magnesium(II) and nickel(II) to induce dramatic conformational changes in the synthetic RNA poly(rA)poly(rU) has been investigated. Kinetic experiments, spectrofluorometric titrations, melting experiments and DSC measurements contribute in shedding light on a complex behaviour where the action of metal ions (Na+, Mg2+, Ni2+), in synergism with other operators as the intercalating dye coralyne and temperature, all concur in stabilising a peculiar RNA form. Mg2+ and Ni2+ (M) bind rapidly and almost quantitatively to the duplex (AU) to give a RNA/metal ion complex (AUM). Then, by the union of two AUM units, an unstable tetraaggregate (UAUA(M2)*) is formed which, in the presence of a relatively modest excess of metal, evolves to the UAUM triplex by releasing a single AM strand. On the other hand, under conditions of high metal content, the UAUA(M2)* intermediate rearranges to give a more stable tetra-aggregate (UAUA(M2)). As concerns the role of coralyne (D), it is found that D strongly interacts with UAUA(M2). Also, in the presence of coralyne, the ability of divalent ions to promote the transition of AUD into UAUD is enhanced, according to the efficiency sequence [Ni2+]≫[Mg2+]≫[Na+]

Association between chronic irritability and depressive symptoms in children and adolescents.

Association between chronic irritability and depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. Busto-Garrido, M.; Gutierrez-Castillo, D; Navas- Gonzalez, JR; Gutierrez-Bedmar, M; Gutierrez-Casares, JR; Martin-Lunar, MT; Rodríguez-Rosado, A; Pena-Andreu, JM. European Psychiatry 415(2017) 5221.Chronic irritability is the most frequently reported symptom in child and adolescent depression. The association of both has been linked with high rates of chronicity, comorbility and impairment. Objectives To study the association between chronic irritability and depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. Methods We have studied 857 participants recruited from the only Child and Adolescent Mental Health Clinic in a catchment area of 122968 people under 18 (2004-2010). A sample of 677 participants (57 controls and 620 patients) was included to carry out a cross-sectional study. Chronic irritability was measured by a Visual Analog Scale (VAS irritability) -scored from 0 to 10-, and depressive symptoms by the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). The participants were categorized into controls and patients, and according to their chronic irritability (≤4 [I],5 [II] and ≥6 [III]). The mean of CDI score was calculated for each of the groups, adjusted by sex and age, and analyzed by ANCOVA. Results The following means were obtained from the controls: 13,71 (group I), 9,82 (group II) and 17,45 (group III). Regarding to the patients: 13,92 (group I), 11,54 (group II) and 15,64 (group III). A quadratic association (p <0,0015) was found between VAS irritability score and CDI score. Conclussions There is not a lineal association between chronic irritability and depressive symptoms in children and adolescent. High rates of depressive symptoms were associated both with high and low rates of irritability. Several questions remain unexplained about the status of irritability in psychiatry as Stringaris group has been pointed out. Disclosure statement I have no potential conflict of interest to discloseUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Two-step approach for occupancy estimation in intensive care units based on Bayesian optimization techniques

Due to the high occupational pressure suffered by intensive care units (ICUs), a correct estimation of the patients’ length of stay (LoS) in the ICU is of great interest to predict possible situations of collapse, to help healthcare personnel to select appropriate treatment options and to predict patients’ conditions. There has been a high amount of data collected by biomedical sensors during the continuous monitoring process of patients in the ICU, so the use of artificial intelligence techniques in automatic LoS estimation would improve patients’ care and facilitate the work of healthcare personnel. In this work, a novel methodology to estimate the LoS using data of the first 24 h in the ICU is presented. To achieve this, XGBoost, one of the most popular and efficient state-of-the-art algorithms, is used as an estimator model, and its performance is optimized both from computational and precision viewpoints using Bayesian techniques. For this optimization, a novel two-step approach is presented. The methodology was carefully designed to execute codes on a high-performance computing system based on graphics processing units, which considerably reduces the execution time. The algorithm scalability is analyzed. With the proposed methodology, the best set of XGBoost hyperparameters are identified, estimating LoS with a MAE of 2.529 days, improving the results reported in the current state of the art and probing the validity and utility of the proposed approach.Agencia Gallega de Innovación | Ref. IN845D-2020/29Agencia Gallega de Innovación | Ref. IN607B-2021/1

Using Bayesian optimization and wavelet decomposition in GPU for arterial blood pressure estimation

Continuous monitoring of arterial blood pressure (ABP) of patients in hospital is currently carried out in an invasive way, which could represent a risk for them. In this paper, a noninvasive methodology to optimize ABP estimators using electrocardiogram and photoplethysmography signals is proposed. For this, the XGBoost machine learning model, optimized with Bayesian techniques, is executed in a Graphics Processing Unit, which drastically reduces execution time. The methodology is evaluated using the MIMIC-III Waveform Database. Systolic and diastolic pressures are estimated with mean absolute error values of 15.85 and 11.59 mmHg, respectively, similar to those of the state of the art. The main advantage of the proposed methodology with respect to others of the current state of the art is that it allows the optimization of the estimator model to be performed automatically and more efficiently at the computational level for the data available. Clinical Relevance— This approach has the advantage of using noninvasive methods to continuously monitor patient's arterial blood pressure, reducing the risk for patientsAgencia Gallega de Innovación | Ref. IN845D-2020/29Agencia Gallega de Innovación | Ref. IN607B-2021/1

Down-scale of hydrodynamic shear effects on suspended cells

Paper presented at the 9th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Malta, 16-18 July, 2012.The effect of shear forces on suspended cells is one of the most complex problems in the scale-up of cell cultures. In the present paper, recent advances in the understanding of power consumption during agitation of Erlenmeyer flasks in rotary shakers are applied to direct comparison of the effects of shear forces on suspension cultures of Rubia tinctorum cells in a standard bioreactor and in shake flask cultures. The criterion selected as indicative of the shear stress acting on the cells was the critical eddy length, l, following Kolmogoroff's theory of isotropic turbulence. Standard flasks and four-baffled shake flasks were used. The effect of shear stress and light irradiation on cell viability, biomass, and anthraquinones (AQs) production was evaluated. The biomass concentration and AQs production obtained using baffled shake flasks agitated at 360 rpm were similar to that achieved previously in R. tinctorum suspension cultures growing in a stirred tank bioreactor operating at 450 rpm. It can be concluded that this down-scaled and simple flask culture system is a suitable and valid small scale instrument to study intracellular mechanisms of shear stress-induced AQs production in R. tinctorum suspension cultures, including intracellular phenomena, and can be eventually extended to other systems.dc201

Real-world Performance of a New Strategy for Off-Label Use of Guselkumab in Moderate to Severe Psoriasis: Super-Responder Patients as the Epitome of Efficacy and Optimisation

Background Guselkumab is a drug used to treat moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. However, real-life clinical data on its of-label use are limited, especially regarding the optimal drug dosage regimen for diferent patient profles. Objective The main objective of this real-world, single-centre, retrospective study was to identify the of-label guselkumab dosing regimen used in clinical practice. The study also aimed to evaluate the drug's efcacy, safety, and survival, as well as the proportion of super-responders (SR) based on a newly proposed defnition. Methods The study included 69 patients who started treatment with guselkumab between March 2019 and July 2021. Patients were followed up until April 2022, during which time their efcacy, safety, persistence, and use of guselkumab were recorded. Patients were aged ≥ 18 years and had moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Results The mean disease duration was 18.6 years, and 59% of patients had received at least one biologic treatment before guselkumab with a mean of 1.3 biologics per patient. The initial absolute Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) was 10.1 and decreased to 2.1 between Week 11–20 without signifcant changes in the PASI value throughout the 90 weeks of followup. The cumulative probability of drug survival was 93.5% at Week 52. No diferences were found in terms of efcacy and survival associated with the of-label drug dosage regimens compared to the doses described in the Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC). The greatest adjustments in the drug administration regimen were achieved in the subgroups of bionaïve and SR patients, with a reduction in the number of administrations by 40% and 47% compared to the regimen described in the SmPC. Super-response to guselkumab was mainly associated with patients naïve to previous biologic treatment. Conclusion The study demonstrated that of-label use of guselkumab was safe and efective in real-life clinical practice. The fndings suggest that adjustments to the drug administration regimen may be necessary to optimise its use in diferent patient profles, especially in SR and bio-naïve patients. Further studies are needed to confrm these fnding

Separation of rare gases and chiral molecules by selective binding in porous organic cages

The separation of molecules with similar size and shape is an important technological challenge. For example, rare gases can pose either an economic opportunity or an environmental hazard and there is a need to separate these spherical molecules selectively at low concentrations in air. Likewise, chiral molecules are important building blocks for pharmaceuticals, but chiral enantiomers, by definition, have identical size and shape, and their separation can be challenging. Here we show that a porous organic cage molecule has unprecedented performance in the solid state for the separation of rare gases, such as krypton and xenon. The selectivity arises from a precise size match between the rare gas and the organic cage cavity, as predicted by molecular simulations. Breakthrough experiments demonstrate real practical potential for the separation of krypton, xenon and radon from air at concentrations of only a few parts per million. We also demonstrate selective binding of chiral organic molecules such as 1-phenylethanol, suggesting applications in enantioselective separation